JordanO Island

Report on your Loggerhead Island development proposal by answering the below questions. Include a photo of your plan in your report.

1. What special considerations did you have to make for the nesting sea turtle sites located on the barrier island?  We went and put the beach where people go in a different area to where the sea turtles are living. 

2. What special considerations had to be made when determining a good site for the proposed fishing pier? We had to make sure that there were enough piers for the boats to be able to dock where ever just in case of emergency. The other thing we were figuring is that if the boats are out at sea and closer to a different dock then can go to it instead of the other one. 

3. What could be some of the potential problems that might arise from the proposed golf course? Propose some of the ways in which the impacts can be reduced. Potential problems that might arise are none our island is perfect because it has my name. 

4. What are the economic benefits to the community of Loggerhead County if the development was done with the least amount of environmental impact? We don't use cars instead we use golf carts so that way we never have to use gas because they are all electric too, and go the exact speed if not faster.  

5. Describe three ways in which humans negatively impact coastal ecosystems such as the one you are working on with Loggerhead Barrier Island. Three ways in which humans can negatively impact the environment is when they fish and or use or bring a car.

6. How can maintaining natural vegetation help us to reduce the damage caused by oceanic events such as hurricanes, tsunami and continued beach erosion? Coastal flooding is largely a natural event, however human influence on the coastal environment can exacerbate coastal flooding. Extraction of water from groundwater reservoirs in the coastal zone can enhance substance of the land increasing the risk of flooding. Engineered protection structures along the coast such as sea walls, alter the natural processes of the beach, often leading to eroisn  on adjacent stretches of the coast which also increases the risk of flooding.

7. After listening to the other groups make their presentations, were there any ideas they had you would have used if you had though about it before-hand? You should list at least three different ideas and indicate why their idea is actually better for the environment than yours. One thing i would have done differently is that all villas have pools, the streets have lights and stop lights on them. and when the sea turtles are about to hatch we can have the sound of a siren go off so everyone knows to turn their lights off so the animals find there way. I would change how the golf balls were i would have them dissolve in the ocean, that way we have a better ecosystem. And most defiantly drawn it to scale. other than that our project defiantly won the project. 

 

A Beach by any other name.

Activity 1: A Beach by Any Other Name

1.        Contrast the differences between a primary and a secondary coastline. The primary coatlines are non-marine processes and the secondary are formed by the marine action. 

2.       Provide three examples of the processes involved in both primary and secondary coastline classifications. 

• erosional/depositional: depending on whether their primary features were created by erosion of land or deposition of eroded material

• erosional coasts are those that developed where active erosion by wave action occurs or where rivers or glaciers caused erosion when sea level was lower than it presently is; these include cliffs or rocky shores

• depositional coasts develop where sediments accumulate either from a local source or after being transported to the area in rivers and glaciers or by ocean currents and waves; these include deltas, mangrove swamps, salt marshes, barrier islands, and beach-sand dunes

3.       Contrast the east and west coasts of the United States based on the primary forces that are responsible for shaping their coastlines.  It's the weather that determines the coastal lines and forming shaped based on if the waves are higher and crash barriers and or if they have earth quakes or what types of storms they have. 

Activity 2: It's All in the Mix, A Study of Estuary Classification Based on Water Circulation.

1.        Based on your data, the profiles you graphed, and the information provided in your text, provide an explanation for the three distinct estuary circulations. Long-wave theory and simple turbulence closures have been used to show that three distinct types of circulation (highly stratified, weakly stratified, and partially mixed) arise in narrow, shallow estuaries from the finite amplitude of the tide and the interaction of stratification with vertical mixing. Each type has a different dominant process causing the vertical exchange of salt and fresh water on the flood, and each gives rise to a characteristic residual circulation. The tidal circulation in highly stratified shallow estuaries, described herein, is the result of a finite amplitude internal motion driven by the barotropic tide; shear instabilities at the interface are the major vertical exchange mechanism. The residual circulation is caused primarily by ebb-flood asymmetry in interface position and thickness. A model based on our theoretical analysis shows that the interface thickness on flood is much less than the depth of flow up to a critical tidal amplitude at which the two-layer flow is destroyed, and correctly predicts the tidal amplitude of the neap-spring transition in the Columbia River Estuary. Tidal frequency internal wave motion is not found in weakly stratified and partially mixed estuaries. Because of the reduced tidal shear, shear instabilities are weak or absent, and the residual circulation assumes a very different character. 

2.       What are factors that could influence the circulation of water within an estuary? Water circulation of estuaries are influenced by the inflow of rivers, wind, tides, up-welling and storms. Estuaries can also be influenced by humans if they are located near human populations.

3.       If you are fishing in an estuary that is well stratified is it possible to catch both freshwater and marine fish in the same general spot? Explain. 

uarium freshwater Ich, AKA White Spot Disease & saltwater ick ... This includes general information about both Ichthyophthirius (freshwater) ... Fishbehavior: The fish will often hide in corners near the top of the aquarium to getoxygen,  By the same token,and  the heat method is not a good choice for a tank with poor oxygen. 

4.      Provide two examples of adaptations that estuary life had to make during their evolution that are different from open water marine species adaptations. Plants and animals that can tolerate only slight changes in salinity are called stenohaline (Sumich, 1996). These organisms usually live in either freshwater or saltwater environments. Most stenohaline organisms cannot tolerate the rapid changes in salinity that occur during each tidal cycle in an estuary.

Activity 3: Judging a Book by its Cover

1.        Describe the economic services that are provided by estuaries. Estuaries are important natural places. They provide goods and services that are economically and ecologically indispensable. Often called nurseries of the sea (USEPA, 1993), estuaries provide vital nesting and feeding habitats for many aquatic plants and animals. Most fish and shellfish eaten in the United States, including salmon, herring, and oysters, complete at least part of their life cycles in estuaries. Estuaries also help to maintain healthy ocean environments. They filter out sediments and pollutants from rivers and streams before they flow into the oceans, providing cleaner waters for marine life.

2.       Describe the ecological services that are provided by estuaries. In addition to providing economic, cultural and ecological benefits to communities, estuaries deliver invaluable ecosystem services. Ecosystem services are fundamental life-support processes upon which all organisms depend (Daily et al., 1997). Two ecosystem services that estuaries provide are water filtration and habitat protection.

3.       No matter which estuaries are being discussed, they seem to be plagued by variations of the same three different categories of human impacts. What are these impacts?

Technology, Agriculture, 

Irrigation. 

4.      Provide two examples of pollution problems that seem to be common in estuaries.Although each of the estuaries in the National Estuary Program (NEP) is unique, they all face the following nine environmental challenges: (1) alteration of natural hydrologic flows, (2) aquatic nuisance species, (3) climate change, (4) declines in fish and wildlife populations, (5) habitat loss and degradation, (6) nutrient loads, (7) pathogens, (8) stormwater, and (9) toxics.The challenges were identified by EPA staff and the Association of National Estuary Programs (ANEP) with input from NEP Directors and staff, scientists, outreach coordinators, citizens, business representatives, and local government officials.

5.       Provide two examples of development problems that seem to be common in estuaries. In general, these problems cause declines in water quality, living resources, and overall estuarine ecosystem health.More specifically, they all have significant economic, ecosystem, and socio-economic impacts; for example, local governments close shellfish beds when water-borne pathogens in shellfish tissue threaten human health; over-enrichment of nutrients in the water column causes dissolved oxygen levels to decline; the waters become "dead zones" where fish cannot survive. The introduction of aquatic nuisance species can adversely impact native species populations and their habitats.

http://www.marine.tmd.go.th/marinemet_html/lect20.html

http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/cengin_fac/17/

http://www.ask.com/question/what-are-factors-that-could-influence-the-circulation-of-water-with-an-estuary

http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/estuaries/estuaries07_adaptations.html

http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/estuaries/estuaries02_economy.html

http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/estuaries/estuaries03_ecosystem.html

http://water.epa.gov/type/oceb/nep/challenges.cfm

http://water.epa.gov/type/oceb/nep/challenges.cfm

what can a grain of sand tell you?

What can you tell from a grain of sand? well a lot of things. You can learn the width of the sand, by cubic yards. You can also learn how to find the compostion of the sand. compostion is what the sand is made of (rocks,minerals,biologicmaterials). What you can also find out from a grain of sand is its type of sorting. Very well sorted, well sorted, moderatly sorted, poorly sorted, and very poorly sorted. You can find these under the microscope and see if there closer to eachother or not. you can find form be closer together or not if its closer to a big ocean with a ton of waves or one without a lot of waves. you can also find the magnitude of the sand, meaning a pass through the sample. If grains cling to a magnet it is likey to be magnetite. Another thing you can find from the sand is it's size. Size can clarify what transported it and for how long it was transported. we also found the longer the sediment is abraded, the smaller it will become. Fast, high energywater carries larger particlesand slower. We also can find if the sands light or not because if the sand is carried away by the wind it's light. The second to last thing texture it can be round,angluar,well rounded,and subrounded. The last thing is the wentwroth scale, the most frequently used tool to measure sand.